From+Arabic+to+English

===The first step Islam made toward scientific achievement was the translating of works of the Indians, Persians, Byzantines, and Greeks. The translation of the Greek works into Arabic was particularly important for later generations of Europeans. Without these Arabic translations and their later translation into Latin, the works of Plato, Aristotle, Euclid, Archimedes, Hippocrates, Galen, Ptolemy, and others would have been lost as part of the Western heritage.===

===With the aid of the knowledge Islam inherited and translated, Muslim scholars worked to improve humankind’s understanding in many areas, including mathematics, astronomy, optics, engineering, and medicine. In the field of mathematics, Islam gave the modern world Arabic numerals, algebra, and algebraic geometry; it also enriched the fields of geometry and trigonometry. Muslim astronomers improved upon ancient Indian and Greek observations, and gave the world the star names recognized today. The English language is indebted to Islam for many words with scientific origins:===

Please feel free to add other Modern English words of Arabic origin.
Alchemy ||  The medieval predecessor of chemistry || Alcohol ||  A finely ground cosmetic powder, later a term for any highly refined or distilled substance || Alembic ||  Literally, “the still”; a vessel used by alchemists—and today’s chemists—for distilling liquids || Algebra ||  The binding together of disorganized parts || Alkali ||  Saltwort ashes, used in making lye and soap || Amalgam ||  The various alloys of mercury, applied to alchemy and to the refining of silver and gold || Azimuth ||  An arc of horizon used to reckon position || Borax ||  A white, powdery mineral used since early times in soldering, cleaning, and glass making || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Camphor || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> An aromatic tree gum often used in liniments || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Cipher || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> Literally, “empty”; hence nothingness or zero || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Elixir || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> Agent for changing metals to gold; a cure-all || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Nadir || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> Opposite of zenith, that is, the lowest point || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Zenith || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> The upward direction; figuratively, the acme ||